What are the chief manifestations of Exterior syndromes?

The chief manifestations of Exterior syndromes, which are primarily related to the invasion of external pathogens, include intolerance to cold, fever, thin tongue coating, and a superficial pulse.

Intolerance to cold and fever indicate the body's reaction to an invading pathogen, typically associated with a Wind or Cold invasion that disrupts the body's natural balance. Exterior syndromes often present with symptoms reflective of the body's struggle against this external influence. The thin tongue coating suggests that the digestive system is moderately affected but not overwhelmed, which aligns with the nature of an initial exterior invasion rather than a deeper, chronic condition. The superficial pulse is a key diagnostic sign in TCM for exterior conditions, signaling that the pathogen is present on the surface of the body and has not yet penetrated deeply.

The other manifestations listed in the other choices relate more closely to various internal syndromes or chronic conditions, which do not represent the acute, surface-level symptoms typical of exterior syndromes in Traditional Chinese Medicine.